Pepsi Energy Drink Essay Example

Pepsi Energy Drink Paper Analyzing The Marketing Environment Pepsi Energy Drink The company is emerging with the motto to deliver sustained growth in Bangladesh and move towards nominate Beverage Company, delighting nourishing every Bangladesh, by best meeting their everyday beverages needs stakeholders by delivering performance with purpose, through talented people. DEMOGRAPHIC FORCES Demography refers to study of the population. Demographic factors are the relevant to the business for formulating and implementing of strategy for controlling and accomplishment of the objectives of the organization. Demographic factors like size of the population, population growth, rate, age, composition, life expectancy, family size, spatial dispersal, occupational tutus, employment pattern etc. , affect the demand for goods and service. Following are the Demographic factors contain age, population density and distributions of targeted customers which is can effects the marketing of PepsiCo. 1. Age: PepsiCo should target that customer group that customer it the most and make promotional strategies according to that particular group of consumers behavior because the requirements of different age groups are different. The potential customer of PepsiCo would be the age of 14 to 30 years. So their main target is young generation. Soft drinks are one Of popular reject linked by our youth. 2. Education: Company has to plan promotional strategies to attract the customers. If the targeted customers majority population is educated in a country then through advertisements PepsiCo can be made well aware of their product and can convey their message easily. Promotion and education has a direct relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Energy Drink specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Energy Drink specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Energy Drink specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 3. Population Distribution: Population distribution means how much population lives in urban areas and rural areas. In Bangladesh 35 % population resides in urban areas and 65% population lives in rural areas. PepsiCo targets on urban areas ND middle class to upper class as people there are more attract towards such beverage while people in rural areas are more attracts to local drinks. 4. Population Density: PepsiCo sales their product more those cities and regions, which have the largest population density. Dacha has the largest population density in Bangladesh. Pepsi sales are more in Dacha as compared to the sales in Chitchatting. ECONOMIC FORCES The economic environment constitutes of economic conditions, economic policies, and the economic system that is important to external factors of business. Economic factors are the very important determinants of business tragedy in the organization for formulating, implement and controlling of economic policies. Economic environment refers to the nature and direction of the economy within which business organization are to operate. For instance, in developing country, the low income may be reason for the very high demand for the product and services of the business. Consumers require buying power to buy a product. The economic environment consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns. Bangladesh has a developing economy which offers outstanding business opportunities for the right kind of product. Pepsi has also focused on this factor using their economic forecasting. Pepsi have announced different products for different set of people. So if there is an economic downfall in the country they still have the capacity to run their business and they have absolutely no fear of wipe out. Their economic policy preparation can be seen through their price patterns-? The 1 TTS regular drink is targeted for local customer outside needing refreshment after lunch or dinner. The task disposable pet bottle is TA regret for people who are traveling and have high eying capacity. The task Cans are status symbol and are consumed by upper class to show some difference. The Pepsi Co. Price targeting for different groups help them run their business efficiently in economic down fall time too. Fifth there is a big economic downfall in the country so their sale of regular bottles decreases but on the same time due to their perfect marketing their Cans sale increases. The other advantage Pepsi finds from their perfect marketing is that their sports sponsorships help them gain respect in youth which increases their sale when there is a win from Bangladesh team. So they never get cut short in a boom. POLITICAL-LEGAL ENVIRONMENT Political environment refers political and government and legal environment. It has close relationship with the economic system and economic policy. For instance; the communist countries had a centrally planned economic system. Communist government countries laws are control investment and related matters. The political environment is based on the uncertainty, therefore, demographic countries consist of number of political parties. Political parties arent got clear majority to form a government. In this situation, industry and amerce collapsed their business activities due to hung government. The political parties are unable to formulate stable government, it affect and fluctuate the government policies. Therefore, business organization and public are needed to the stable government. Bangladesh is a politically stable economy; foreign investors are attracted to Bangladesh. The Bangladesh government is improving business with trade and investment. 1. Political Stability: Whenever the government is considered to be stable, the business will flourish. If there is political stability in the country the policies and eateries made by Pepsi can be consistent to be implemented. Foreign companies are also keen to invest in those countries which are politically stable where they have no fear of decline in their market share or shut down due to sudden change of government. 2. Mixed Economy In mixed economy government and private sector both plays their role in developing the economy Of the country. Investment by foreign companies like Pepsi is more likely to flourish in mixed economy. 3. Laws Formulation Government has given copy rights to Pepsi so that another company cannot sell their product by the name of Pepsi. The countries where laws are formulated, the strategies and activities of the company are different. 4. Social Responsibility Pepsins social responsibility is to provide its customers with clean and hygienic product so to do this they have increased the use of disposable bottles. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT Socio-cultural environment is an important factor that should be analyzed while formulating company business strategies. If company is ignoring the customs, traditions, tastes and preferences and education, it can affect the business. It consists of factors which are related to human relationships and he impact of social attitudes and cultural values. These are bearing on the business of the organization. Social practice, beliefs and associated factors are helpful for promotion of the certain products, services or ideas, the success of marketing depends to a very large extent, on the success in terms of changing social attitudes or value systems. The cultural environment is made up of institutions and other forces that affect the society basic values, perceptions, preferences and behaviors. The Pepsi Co. Bangladesh is an expert in dealing with the cultural factor though it is an non-Muslim company UT still its most sales are in Muslim countries the reason behind their success is that they have never created boundaries of religion in their add campaign and they have deal with the Muslims in their own way. The Pepsi uses the cultural factor of people of Bangladesh which is giving dinners to the family remembers and they have targeted this particular thing in their ads which has created Pepsi a basic necessity of every get together. The other major Muslims belief is Ramadan and DID. Pepsi have utilize this cultural factor very smartly and through discount promotions and viral ads campaign urine the Ramadan and DID help them gather a very successful business and market share. The perfect ads campaign forces even the lower middle class to purchase the Pepsi products during Ramadan and especially for DID. One major disadvantage Pepsi had due to some extreme religious beliefs of some people in Bangladesh which tried to portray Pepsi as a Non Muslim company and the products they sell are forbidden or prohibited in Islam. But Pepsi came out of this challenge by asking Jungian Smashed (old singer now a renown Islamic scholar) to do an ad for them to promote their product and ell consumers that this product is permitted. So tackling each factor sensibly is an art of marketers and Pepsi Co. Team have always come up with the new ideas to increase their business. TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Technological factors sometimes pose serious problems. A firm that unable to cope with technological changes may not be survived. Further, the differing technological environment of different markets or countries may be called for product modifications. Technology is the most important elements of the macro environment. Technology is the human being innovation and it literally ender. Technology helps to human being go to moon, traveling the spaceships, other side of the globe with few hours. Advances in the technologies have facilitated product improvements and introduction of new products and have considerably improved the marketability of the products. The technology is advancing day by day with new technology coming up and replacing the old quite easily. The technology advancement is also a macro environmental factor for a business. As the new technology coming up rapidly so no company can rely on their conventional ways of production and other asks. World has now become a global village and there is no issue of transferring one product from one country to different so the only way to survive for companies is by producing the product in quick time and with cheap price this was the reason behind the success of China as they manufactured cheap and fast products through advancing in technology and by using new ways to manufacture a product. Similarly Pepsi also keeps on advancing their machine, production units, sale systems and logistics supply System to keep up with the fast growing world. The major change in the Pepsi reduction came up with the advancement of their inventory control system from normal SQL to SAP. This allowed them to record complete sale record of the country and track each every sales point present throughout the country. The expert system Pepsi Co. Uses helps them in taking crucial decisions and forces them to advance to new production units in a timely fashion. The new recycle plant implemented by Pepsi Co. Eaves 70% of the waste which not only helps in making environment green but also reduces the cost of bottles by 50%. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Natural environment is the study of an important component of the nature . E. , natural environment. Difference in geographical conditions between markets may sometimes call for changes in the marketing mix. Geographical and ecological factors also influence industries which help material index tend to be located near the raw material sources. Climate and weather conditions affect the location of certain industries like the often textile industry. Ecological factors have recently assumed great importance. The depletion of natural resources, environmental pollution and the disturbance of the ecological balance has caused great concern. Government policies mimed at presentation of environmental purity and ecological balance, conservation of non revisable resources etc. , have resulted in additional responsibilities and problems for business, and some of these have to effect of increasing the cost of production and marketing, externalities also become an important problem Of the business has to confront with. The Pepsi co. Have a great advantage manufacturing in Bangladesh because the major ingredient required to manufacture Pepsi is Sugar which is produced in a vast amount in Bangladesh. So Pepsi shares a great liberty in manufacturing their rodents in Bangladesh for the home country and also for the neighboring countries if there is a need of more supplies to neighboring countries of Bangladesh. The natural environment is vastly effected by the cluster of industries and Pepsi Co. As also one of the major factors of waste materials in the country through their disposable plastic bottles but now they have invested in a major recycling plant in Bangladesh and have followed many different ways to reduce the industrial waste. According to a report PepsiCo have reduced their 80% of the industrial waste through new majors. Through his approach of new packaging and paying high amount of money in the recycling system they are now considered as an environmental friendly company. Their new initiative to replenish water has been a major SUccess.

A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay Example

A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay Example A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay the policy of medical service in Hong Kong is that no one will be denied equal medical attention due to miss of agencies . This policy patterns the construct of public assistance rights that everyone has the equal chance to hold the medical service even the 1 who lives in poorness. Universalism Principle Under the universalism rule, all citizens can acquire the Ambulance Services ( 2003 ) on the equal footing, including Emergency Ambulance Service ( EAS ) and Non-Emergency Ambulance Transfer Service ( NEATS ) . ESA is provided for individuals whose conditions require immediate pre-hospital intervention and transportation to a infirmary for prompt medical attending . The NEATS is provided for patients who require conveyance service to / from medical establishment . Besides, all citizens can travel to the local public infirmaries and establishments and acquire the medical service on the equal footing, including Accident A ; Emergency ( A A ; E ) Services, Specialist Clinics, In-patient and Out-patient Services. However, citizens need to pay for those services. The A A ; E Services, Specialist Clinics and the In-patient Services cost $ 100 per clip, and the Out-patient Services cost $ 45 per clip. The A A ; E Services demand to be charged because the Government hopes people will non misapply the services. However, the hapless patients who are non the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance ( CSSA ) receivers may be excluded. Although the CSSA receivers can be remitted the charge, it is unjust for the hapless patients who are non CSSA receivers and have the exigency illnesses, particularly the seniors who rely on their ain salvaging merely. Besides, the Government launched the Elderly Health Care Voucher Pilot Scheme ( HCVS ) ( 2008 ) in the 2008-09 fiscal twelvemonth for three old ages to supply five wellness attention verifiers of $ 50 each to seniors aged 70 or above yearly to partly subsidize their usage of private primary health care ( PHC ) services . Selectivism Principle Under the selectivism rule, because of the medical fee relinquishing mechanism, CSSA receivers and the vulnerable groups are waived from payment of public wellness attention disbursals when they meet certain fiscal and societal standards. Besides, there are three types of people who are non CSSA receivers, besides can relinquish from payment of public wellness attention disbursals, including low-income group, the aged patients with small income or assets and people with chronic unwellnesss. Contributory/Social Insurance Principle Under the contributory/social insurance rule, in the Consultation Document on Healthcare Reform ( 2008 ) , the Government suggests six different proposals to supply auxiliary funding for health care, including societal wellness insurance, out-of-pocket payments ( user fees ) , medical nest eggs histories, voluntary private wellness insurance, compulsory private wellness insurance and personal health care modesty. Although there is no mainstream consensus has yet been reached in the community on the debut of auxiliary funding and the option to be adopted, the Government can analyse the pros and cons of the six different proposals, particularly the societal values they represent, including the equity of entree to healthcare, pooling and sharing of health care hazard, re-distribution of wealth and fiscal stableness and sustainability in order to protect all citizens wellbeing. Conditionality Principle Under the conditionality rule, there is the Samaritan Fund managed by the Hospital Authority in order to supply fiscal aid to destitute patients who requires designated Privately Purchase Medical Items or new engineerings in the class of medical intervention which are non covered in hospital care or out-patient audience fees in public infirmaries and clinics. Decision The study of Strategic Service Plan 2009-2012 from the Hospital Authority ( 2009 ) named Helping Peoples Stay Healthy . It shows that the entire population of Hong Kong will increase from 7 million to around 7.5 million in 2016. Presently at around 870,000 and stand foring 12.6 % of the population, people aged 65 and above will increase by 30 % to 1.13 million in 2016. Besides, people are populating longer than of all time. Our life anticipations will farther increase to 86.3 and 80.6 old ages severally in 2016. Therefore, it is recognized that people require more healthcare services in old age. For illustration, the Government will better community attention for aged and inveterate sick patients and empower patients on self-care. I hope that the Government can go on supplying the cosmopolitan medical services and the just system that payments are pegged with affordability and all occupants have equal chances to medical services. Besides, the Government should guarantee patients ri ght of pick in public and private medical services. Besides, the occupants wellbeing should be alerted when get downing the Healthcare Reform in the hereafter. Social wellness insurance is to guarantee that every occupant can obtain appropriate medical services as its coverage is cosmopolitan and the medical outgo is paid by parts from all, including the healthy and the sick, the wealthy and the hapless in order to portion wellness hazards. Question 4: The Concept of Welfare Mix Powell ( 2007 ) stated the assorted economic system of public assistance ( MEW ) or welfare pluralism ( WP ) is a critical, but comparatively, portion of societal policy. In the descriptive sense, Beresford and Croft ( 1983 ) pointed out that there are four constituents of MEW. The normative sense suggested a alteration to the mix such as rolling back the province . Besides, Rose and Shiratori ( 1986 ) argued that total public assistance is the amount of province, market, voluntary and informal beginnings. Furthermore, Mishra ( 1990, pp. 110-114 ) claimed that a focal point on total public assistance is non merely the sum of parts . The constituents can non merely be regarded as functionally equivalents ( p. 110 ) . Powell pointed out the normative usage of MEW showed that different public assistance political orientations favour different public assistance mixes. The political left affected the function of the province becomes larger in public assistance as merely the province can guarantee that public assistance benefits and services are reasonably distributed to all citizens. If there were a big function for the commercial, voluntary and informal sectors, inequality would be appeared. In a descriptive sense, harmonizing to Lewis ( 1995, p. 3 ) , it is more accurate to see Britain as ever holding had a assorted economic system of public assistance, in which the volunteer sector, the household and the market have played different parts at different times. On the other manus, Richard Titmuss developed the societal division of public assistance in a talk in 1956. After that, Titmuss ( 1958 ) pointed out that public assistance was delivered by financial and occupational mechanisms in add-on to the more familiar social services . First, statutory public assistance refers to publically provided goods and services. Second, occupational public assistance is related to people s businesss and besides termed fringe benefits or corporate public assistance. Third, financial public assistance refers to costs or benefits delivered through the revenue enhancement system. Using the Concept of Welfare Mix in the Retirement Protection in Hong Kong In the State Welfare, The Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority ( MPFA ) ( 2006 ) pointed out that Hong Kong has a quickly ageing population. In 2004, the proportion of the population over the age of 65 was about 12 % , but by 2033 this is projected to lift to 27 % . The figure of working age grownups for each individual over 65 will drop from around six now to shut to two by 2033. This means the working population will hold a larger figure of retired persons to back up in the hereafter. Get downing from the 1960s, the argument for a suited retirement protection system in Hong Kong has gone on. Three different systems, including in private managed provident financess, a cardinal provident fund and a pay-as-you-go type of benefit system were proposed. In 1994, the World Bank published the study Averting the Old-Age Crisis: Policies to Protect the Old and Promote Growth , in which a three-pillar attack to protection for the elderly was put frontward. The three pillars included a publically managed, tax-financed societal safety cyberspace ; a mandatary, in private managed, to the full funded part strategy and voluntary personal nest eggs and insurance. The MPF System in Hong Kong was designed to organize the 2nd pillar of this attack for retirement protection. The Compulsory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance ( MPFSO ) was enacted in 1995 and the MPF System was launched in December 2000. For both employees and employers will besides be required to lend 5 % of the employe es relevant income to the MPF strategy. The MPF strategy was designed by the Government ( State Welfare ) who has the high ordinance that the MPFA applies a figure of enforcement steps against non-compliant employers who are found to hold evaded payment of MPF parts, deducted employer parts from an employee s wage or non inscribe their employees in any MPF strategies. At the same clip, different Bankss or insurance companies ( Market Welfare ) take the function of proviso that helps the employees to make up ones mind on their ain investing portfolios. However, there are some restrictions of the MPF strategy. First, the domestic employees, freelance peddlers, homemakers and other people who are non in the labour market can non fall in the MPF strategy in order to acquire the retirement protection. Second, there is the direct proportion between the retirement protection and the income from the employees, so the redistribution of public assistance can non be appeared and the low-income people s retirement protection will be damaged. Third, the employers can countervail rupture payment ( SP ) and long service payment ( LSP ) as required under the Employment Ordinance ( EO ) by the accumulated benefits derived from parts you have made to the employee in the MPF strategy, so the employees who are in occupation insecurity can non acquire the adequate retirement protection. Because of the restrictions of the MPF strategy, citizens need to protect personal support of retirement through other methods. For illustration, people can acquire the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance ( CSSA ) provided by the Social Welfare Department ( SWD ) under the State Welfare, merchandises of retirement planning provided by Bankss or insurance companies under the Market Welfare, the exigency alleviation fund, chronic unwellnesss relief fund or nutrient bank operated by the non-governmental organisations ( NGOs ) under the voluntary public assistance and household support or personal economy under the informal public assistance. Decision and Suggestion Under the Policy Address in 1997, A Sense of Security, A Sense of Belonging and A Feeling of Worthiness for the Elderly is the chief policy of aged attention. However, it seems that the MPF strategy and other retirement protections can non wholly make the policy of A Sense of Security . The Joint Alliance for Universal Retirement Protection ( 2004 ) is an confederation that aims to contend for the cosmopolitan retirement protection. I agree with the rules of the confederation in which every aged should hold the human rights ( e.g. the right to life, lodging right and medical right ) and be prevented poorness. At the same clip, the current protection of all societal category of the aged provided by the Government will non be damaged even get downing the new retirement protection. I hope that there will hold the cosmopolitan retirement protection in the hereafter in order to protect all citizens wellbeing when confronting the ripening of population in Hong Kong. Mentions: Senior Citizen Home Safety Association. ( 2009, 2009 ) . About The PE Link Service. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.schsa.org.hk/eng/service/pel.html Hospital Authority. ( 2008, 2008-9 ) . Waiving Mechanism of Public Hospitals ( Information Leaflet ) . Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ha.org.hk/visitor/ha_visitor_index.asp? Parent_ID=349 A ; Content_ID=122630 A ; Dimension=100 A ; Lang=ENG Hospital Authority. ( 2009, 2009 ) . Strategic Service Plan 2009-2012. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ha.org.hk/visitor/ha_visitor_index.asp? Parent_ID=100 A ; Content_ID=138773 A ; Dimension=100 A ; Lang=ENG Compulsory Provident Fund Schemes Authority. ( 2006, 2006 ) . About the MPF System: Background. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mpfa.org.hk/english/abt_mpfs/abt_mpfs_bgd/abt_mpfs_bgd.html Beresford, P. , A ; Croft, S. ( 1983 ) . Welfare pluralism: the new face of Fabianism. Critical Social Policy, 3 ( 9 ) , 19. Food and Health Bureau. ( 2008, 2008-3 ) . Consultation Document on Healthcare Reform. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fhb.gov.hk/beStrong/files/consultation/exsummary_eng.pdf Fire Services Department. ( 2003, 2009-10-15 ) . Ambulance Services in Hong Kong. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hkfsd.gov.hk/home/eng/source/safety/Ambulance_Services_in_HK.pdf Dwyer, P. ( 2004 ) . Understanding societal citizenship: subjects and positions for policy and pattern: Policy Press. Lewis, J. ( 1995 ) . The voluntary sector, the province and societal work in Britain: Elgar. Mishra, R. ( 1990 ) . The public assistance province in capitalist society: policies of retrenchment and care in Europe, North America and Australia: Harvester Wheatsheaf. Powell, M. ( 2007 ) . Understanding the assorted economic system of public assistance: Policy Pr. Joint Alliance for Universal Retirement Protection. ( 2004, 2009 ) . Introduction of the Alliance. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pensionforall.org.hk/html/intro.php Rose, R. , Shiratori, R. , Allardt, E. , A ; Sogo, K. ( 1986 ) . The public assistance province E and West: Oxford University Press. Titmuss, R. ( 1958 ) . Essays onthe Welfare State Printed Resource. London: Allen A ; Unwin, 1958. Health Care Voucher. ( 2008, 2009-11-27 ) . Health Care Voucher. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hcv.gov.hk/eng/pub_background.htm

Research In Motion Analysis Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

In Motion Analysis - Research Paper Example In a heavily competitive globalized business world, RIM cannot survive without the complete restructuring of its strategies with respect to human resources, information systems, marketing etc. Earlier RIM concentrated mainly in American and European markets for selling its blackberry phones. However, recent recession caused severe problems in these regions and RIM slowly shifted its focus towards the more prosperous and emerging Asian region. India and China are some of the emerging markets which are concentrated by RM now. However, it is not easy for RIM to penetrate in this market because of the strong dominance of others mobile manufacturers such as Nokia, Samsung, Apple etc in these markets. Since Canada is a democratic country, RIM may not experience much political troubles in India; however in China the case is entirely different. RIM should recognize that the political, legal, environmental, social, cultural and linguistic climate in overseas countries is extremely different from that in Canada. So, RIM should fine tune its HRM policies in overseas countries in accordance with the above mentioned differences. RIM should modify its technology used in blackberry phones in order to make it suitable to the legal requirements in other countries. For example, in India RIM is facing strong challenges with respect to technology. â€Å"India says it wants realtime access to RIMs BlackBerry Enterprise Email and its Messenger services in a readable format. Security officials say the inability to monitor BlackBerry traffic undermines efforts to protect national security† (FACTBOX - Problems BlackBerry services face in India, 2010). RIM was not much ready to accept the claims of Indian government. RIM argued that they don’t have the technology to cater the needs of Indian authorities; however, it assured India that it will provide manual access to its messenger services. India is not fully satisfied with the offers of

Reflective Case Study on the Assessment and Evaluation of Secondary Essay

Reflective Case Study on the Assessment and Evaluation of Secondary Mathematics - Essay Example An evaluation refers to an intermittent process of gathering data and then analyzing it in such a way that the resulting information can be used to determine whether an individual is effectively carrying out planned objectives. Through evaluation, we will be able to anticipate results of a student's progress. On the other hand, assessment is the process of detailing knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs which, in turn, is often used in the educational context. I may consider that both of these techniques are the first steps in getting your child the assistance he needs to learn and develop in school. In accordance to this, a series of educational assessments carried out on children attending schools in England, Wales and Northern Ireland that follows the National Curriculum was made, called as National Curriculum Assessments. The exam-based assessments (National Curriculum Tests) are often referred to as SATs (Standard, or Statutory, Assessment Tests), which was their title when they were being developed in the 1990s. One of the subjects that were given importance is the secondary mathematics. I personally believe that there has never been a greater need to be mathematically literate but for those who comprehend mathematics, there are important enhanced opportunities and options that will open doors to dynamic futures. In the National Curriculum, schools are ensure... It is a flexible framework given to teachers by Government, so that all school children are taught in a way that is balanced and manageable, but stretching enough to challenge them and meet their diverse needs. The National Curriculum is prearranged into blocks of years called 'key stages'. I am about to examine key stage 3 and key stage 4 performance in Mathematics. Here is an example individual pupil profile of a student in key stage 3. *Important Note: A pupil's score is only an estimate of true ability as performance on any one occasion can be affected by a number of factors such as mood, illness, external distractions etc. Here are the results of last year's (2005) National Curriculum Test Scores in Mathematics. These tables show the percentage of year 9 pupils achieving each level nationally in 2005 Assessment Data The following can are some available assessment tests that can be used. The Basic Yellis Test, which has been in use since 1992, as a measure of developed abilities providing a fair baseline from which GCSE predictions and value-added scores can be generated, also helps in assessing the pupil's performance with regards to the curriculum. Their compulsory math section has been designed with an emphasis on measuring fluency and speed as well as numerical ability. One of their most efficient ways of collecting mathematical information is the use of constructed answers rather than just multiple choice questions. According to them, the Math score is an excellent predictor of later academic achievement. Another quick way of assessment is GOAL or Goal plc (Global Online Assessment for Learning) established to provide an innovative

Welfare to work programs Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Welfare to work programs - Term Paper Example It is a requirement for any recipient of CalWORKs who is able-bodied to participate in the activities of the welfare in order to continue receiving support. There are many providers of these programs, for instance, voluntary organisations as well as private companies. They achieve this by securing contracts in order to find employment for the claimants. The payment largely depends on the results and the providers take the risk until they get the required results. The welfare for work law was put in place in order to limit the time one receives welfare, thus the need to participate in the welfare activities for 32 to 35 hours per week, for every week. The introduction of this new welfare system has sparked different and varying viewpoints and understanding of the informants of the program. The understanding of the informants about the policy differs greatly from that of the policy makers and the state administrators. The informants pointed out the numbers of positive outcomes and benefits of these programs. They pointed out that employment improves their self-image and their self-confidence. The fact that they are able to be productive a nd get a source of livelihood from it gave them as continues to give them a sense of achievement and purpose in life. Being employed makes them proud of themselves rather than just receiving welfare and support that they have not worked for. The informants also alluded to the fact that the employment programs they receive help them provide materially for their families. They are able to pay for their bills, as well as buy material possessions for themselves and their children. Informants have also highlighted the fact that the day care programs helped their children gain proper socialization. Moreover, they were contented with the fact that working made them value the little time that they spend with their children. In nut-shell informants view the employment programs in terms of the concrete benefits that

Long Term And Short Term Goals General Studies Essay

Long Term And Short Term Goals General Studies Essay Long term goals could be described as a desired end effect for example; becoming a computer engineer is a long term goal for someone not in a related field. A good example of a short term goal would be that a person needs to fulfill an academic process giving that person the tools to obtain that career. Long term goals could be described as destinations and short term goals could be described as the route taken to lead someone to their destination. Values control a persons life rules therefore dictating their options for long term goals. Values are very important to goal setting because it is a part of what drives a person to decide on what their long term goals are and what they will do to achieve those goals as well as act as a motivator to drive them to complete their goals. Creating short term goals are like plotting a route on a map. Once you have determined a persons long term goals it is important to set waypoints to guide that person to their destination. This is how setting short term goals should be approached. There are similar systems for planning in the military called backwards planning. It is helpful to work backwards from your long term goals. For example; to get a job at a software firm a person must have a degree in a field needed by the software firm. To get a degree one must go to school and pass all the required classes to obtain the degree. In order to pass the classes that person must sign up for those classes. From this point the short term goals start to appear more like daily tasks, this is because short term goals can vary from daily to weekly to monthly. Some tactics used to achieving these goals are to define in detail goals that a person wants to achieve both short and long term this includes creating a time table for that person to check their progress and to see where they stand. It is also important to have partners that can help keep one another accountable for reaching their goals. Personally, this is a good tactic because people can help each other to strategize and brainstorm to create better detail for their goals. Finally it is important to anticipate problems; this is done by reviewing goals and developments that may impact progress. If a problem can be anticipated it a person has more time to react and adjust or prepare for a possible hitch in their plan. Check Point: Creating Goals. Objective of Exercise: Creating Goals Review the reading and respond to the following questions in a 350- to 500-word response to the Individual forum by Week 5 Day 4. What is the difference between short- and long-term goals? How does a person align his or her long-term goals to their personal values? What are some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? What are some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 40 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Identify the difference between short- and long-term goals? 10 10 Describes how a person aligns his or her long-term goals to their personal values? 10 10 Describe some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? 10 10 List some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 10 10 Mechanics10 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Rules of grammar, usage and punctuation are followed. Word count is met. 10 10 Total Points 50 50 Submitted on Time: Adjusted Points 50 Comments: Feedback: Excellent Robert You have identified the differences between long and short term goals. How they can be applied and how to maintain focus to reach the goals. Shelinda No Name on Checkpoint Identify the difference between short- and long-term goals? 10 Describes how a person aligns his or her long-term goals to their personal values? 10 Describe some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? 10 List some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? The difference between short-and long term goals is that a short term goal is something youre planning on doing within the next month and long term goal is what youre planning on having in the next year or so. Im going to school now and and in two years ill have my degree after that I will be working and saving my money up and in two more years I will have my own beauty shop. I am already doing my short time goal because I gave myself by December to be in college and im actually in college, I also plan on maintaining my dreams by never giving up and keep my mind focus on my future. Check Point: Creating Goals. Objective of Exercise: Creating Goals Review the reading and respond to the following questions in a 350- to 500-word response to the Individual forum by Week 5 Day 4. What is the difference between short- and long-term goals? How does a person align his or her long-term goals to their personal values? What are some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? What are some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 40 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Identify the difference between short- and long-term goals? 10 5 Short term goals should not exceed six months. You have at least one stretching out to 2011. Describes how a person aligns his or her long-term goals to their personal values? 10 0 Not answered Describe some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? 10 0 Not answered List some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 10 0 Not answered Mechanics10 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Rules of grammar, usage and punctuation are followed. Word count is met. 10 0 No name on CP -3. Does not meet word count. Typo and word use errors Total Points 50 5 Submitted on Time: Adjusted Points 5 Comments: Feedback: Hi Shelinda Your short term goals are not specific to your long term goal. Your short term goals reach too far into the future. Please look over the reading material and my handouts regarding goals. Cindy Ewing The difference between short- and long-term goals, are that long- term goals are set to be reached in six months or more. A long term goal may be a goal that would take two years. Short-term goals are like taking small steps to get to the end of my long term goal. It is like a baby, one must learn to crawl before one can walk, Taking baby steps before one can run. My goal will be easier to achieve if I take small steps, or set short-term goals. My personal value is achieving my associate degree. I value this because, it is just for me. It is something that I wanted to do for a long time. I value what my degree will mean to me and where it will take me within the next three years. Along the way I will learn other valuable education tools to reach my goal. To prioritize my goal, I need to focus on my long-term goal; I need to know what value I have placed on that goal. The value I have placed on my goal is that I will be able to change my career, better myself, and achieve something that I have made excuses for why I could not do it. I need to prioritize my fulltime job, my responsibility of being a manager, my family, my schooling. All of these elements play apart in me achieving my goal. I need to list how much of the extra time I spend at work can I eliminate, I have an assistant, I need to shift some of my duties, my family is my support system, so there is understanding there that my school will take much of my free time. A friend of mine, they had a goal to buy a house within one year. They taped a picture of a house similar to what was wanted to the refrigerator. This serves as a reminder everyday why a night out, or a weekend get-away, or a shopping spree did not factor in at the time. That goal was reached for them in the time frame that was set. I can do the same with my goal. The career I want after earning my degree can be posted on my refrigerator. This will remind me why I should not do some of the things I have been use to doing. Skip the movies, or watching a television show, beside I can record it for later viewing. With my values in place, my priorities in order I am sure to succeed in meeting my goal. Check Point: Creating Goals. Objective of Exercise: Creating Goals Review the reading and respond to the following questions in a 350- to 500-word response to the Individual forum by Week 5 Day 4. What is the difference between short- and long-term goals? How does a person align his or her long-term goals to their personal values? What are some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? What are some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 40 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Identify the difference between short- and long-term goals? 10 10 Describes how a person aligns his or her long-term goals to their personal values? 10 10 Describe some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? 10 10 List some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 10 10 Mechanics10 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Rules of grammar, usage and punctuation are followed. Word count is met. 10 10 Total Points 50 50 Submitted on Time: Adjusted Points 50 Comments: Feedback: Excellent Cindy You have identified the differences between long and short term goals. How they can be applied and how to maintain focus to reach the goals. Dreama Lane The difference from short and long term goals is; short- term goals are stepping stones toward the reach of a long- term goal. As in saying that you will have to break down your plans to reach the full long- term goal; long-term goals are attaining goals over a long period of time. You have to establish determination to make the effort of consistently to reach the goal. A person can align their long- term goals to their personal values by choosing whats more important in their goals. The more your goals reflects your values, the successful your motivation and desire to meet them. Some strategies for prioritizing short- term goals are: you can break the goals down in to groups that represent the first important steps of the short- goals. It will show the steps the time frame. Prioritizing will help you evaluate and handle the goals in order. Figure out what goals are very important, weigh your oppositions. By completing the goals you have to be attentive and focus all your energy on them. you can consider the evaluation of your values, your personal dilemma, and time commitments. After you accomplish the goal you would like to reach, define your goal achievement strategy, what will it take for you to reach your goals. Establishing what you have to do to carry the goal out, if you have to put this goal as first priority keep in mind that you have to take one step at a time. You can set a time limit for when you want to achieve any goals. Keep track of your progress so you can know how much further you have to go to reach the objective time period. Strive to achieve to move forward no matter what, follow your guide for completion to stay on top, even if you have to mark it down with a check list. Dont put all your eggs in one basket, be prepared to have a back up plan, in case your plans dont fall in order. You will have to re-evaluate your priorities until you can find what works best for you. Its best to anticipate for minor glitches, follow your steps map out the plan to help you reach the goals. Check Point: Creating Goals. Objective of Exercise: Creating Goals Review the reading and respond to the following questions in a 350- to 500-word response to the Individual forum by Week 5 Day 4. What is the difference between short- and long-term goals? How does a person align his or her long-term goals to their personal values? What are some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? What are some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 40 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Identify the difference between short- and long-term goals? 10 10 Describes how a person aligns his or her long-term goals to their personal values? 10 10 Describe some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? 10 10 List some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 10 10 Mechanics10 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Rules of grammar, usage and punctuation are followed. Word count is met. 10 8 Minor errors, proofread your work. Total Points 50 48 Submitted on Time: Adjusted Points 48 Comments: Feedback: Excellent Dreama You have identified the differences between long and short term goals. How they can be applied and how to maintain focus to reach the goals. Harris Williams Topic: Goal Setting A long-term goal is goals that can be achieved in a six-month or longer period. A short-term goal is a goal that is expected to be achieved within 6 months or less. In my opinion, the difference in long and short-term goals is the amount of time that it takes to achieve the goal. For example, if a person is thinking about going back to school to get his or her masters degree, and presently the person only has an associates degree. In this scenario, the persons short-term goal would probably be the steps it would take to enroll at their school of choice. The long-term goal would be to earn the masters degree. For a person who is seeking to set a long-term goal, it would be a good idea to plan how you plan to achieve your goal. By it being a long-term goal, planning will be very important, because you need to realistically know that your goal can be reached and how you will fit it into your daily schedule. Some ways to prioritize your short term goals would be to make sure everything else that is of value to you is fitted into your schedule. It is very important to balance out school, work, and family time. Often times when people set goals, we really intend on achieving them, especially in the beginning, when the goal is set. Some of the goals we set whether long or short are reachable, but there is a valuable step in setting goals that we often do not do, it is called planning. To plan a goal, it would be helpful to write them down, make a few copies of your goals, post your goals in places where you will notice them, always have a realistic goal that is possible to reach. If your goal is impossible to reach, you could be wasting valuable time that could be put into a possible goal. For example, a realistic short-term goal could be to wake up every morning and do ten push-ups before I go to work, this can be achieved. An unrealistic short-term goal would be to get my masters within the next 2 years without an associates degree. Check Point: Creating Goals. Objective of Exercise: Creating Goals Review the reading and respond to the following questions in a 350- to 500-word response to the Individual forum by Week 5 Day 4. What is the difference between short- and long-term goals? How does a person align his or her long-term goals to their personal values? What are some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? What are some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 40 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Identify the difference between short- and long-term goals? 10 10 Describes how a person aligns his or her long-term goals to their personal values? 10 10 Describe some strategies for prioritizing short-term goals? 10 10 List some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals? 10 10 Mechanics10 Points Possible Points Possible Points Earned Comments Rules of grammar, usage and punctuation are followed. Word count is met. 10 10 Total Points 50 50 Submitted on Time: Adjusted Points 50 Comments: Feedback: Superb Harris You have identified the differences between long and short term goals. How they can be applied and how to maintain focus to reach the goals. Stefanie Wright The differences in short term goals and long term goals are; long term goals you plan to attain over a period of six months or longer. Short term goals are smaller steps you take to get to your long term goal. A person would align their long term goals to their personal values by establishing what their long term goals are, and applying their personal values to them. For example my long term goal is to further my education and working full-time and being a mom. I have to keep my work ethic in mind as well as my family values in order to manage all three. Some strategies for prioritizing short term goals would be to evaluate everything you want to achieve pick out what goals are most important and focus on those goals. Some techniques for maintaining focus to achieve goals as listed in Keys to College Studying. Define your goal achievement strategy, map out steps and focus on events that are under your control. Set a timetable, make a time line that is realistic that shows specific de adlines. Monitor your progress, compare your planned time line and steps to actually where youre at see if you need to adjust some things. Be accountable and Responsible, make yourself accountable by reporting to yourself or others to keep on track. Anticipate problem

The Male Characters in Alice in Wonderland Essay -- Alice in Wonderla

It is amazing that nearly all critics of Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland focused solely on the character and adventures of the female protagonist/hero. A somewhat right-wing and didactic critique at Decent Films writes, â€Å"Alice embodies the gender feminist narrative of vibrant young girls losing their mojo as they come of age in patriarchal society.† The woman’s magazine, Jezebel, while praising the movie as â€Å"refreshingly feminist† seemed to notice only that the hero who fights against the forces of evil is a woman. Jezebel mentions other characters, but does not take the time to catalogue their relationship to feminism. In an Associated Content piece by Adriana Tanese-Nogueria which does, commendably, explore the feminist theme much more richly than many other reviews, still, the main focus is on Alice’s journey of feminist liberation. But Lewis Carroll also takes a look at the men in this story. Men during the Victorian era were kn own to have the control over the household and have a job. Their lives were around getting the perfect wife and making a lot of money. So when one reads some of the characters in Alice in Wonderland, one can see some difference in how he portrays some of the characters. When thinking about male characters, one would have to also include the male animal characters. During the time Carroll wrote this book, some would say that he bace the character on real people. The animals that portray different men that Lewis Carroll knew in the Victorian era. One could not talk about the men without including every male character . So first let’s start talking about the one character that leads Alice down the rabbit hole in the first place. The white rabbit is the one who gets Alice interested in... ...: ‘Refreshingly Feminist,’ Lacks Heart†. (The Jezebel review also provided a list of other sources for reviews. It was very helpful in preparing this piece.) http://jezebel.com/5486801/alice-in-wonderland-refreshingly-feminist-lacks-heart National Catholic Register. Reprinted at Decent Films. â€Å"Alice in Wonderland (2010)†. Steven D. Greydanus. http://www.decentfilms.com/reviews/aliceinwonderland2010 Sigler, Carolyn. "Authorizing Alice: Professional Authority, the Literary Marketplace, and Victorian Women's Re-Visions of the Alice Books." The Lion and the Unicorn 22.3 (1998): 351-63. ProQuest. Web. 7 May 2014. Spilka, Mark. "Victorian Childhoods." Michigan Quarterly Review 39.2 (2000): 411-21. ProQuest. Web. 7 May 2014. Woolf, Jenny. â€Å"Lewis Carroll's Shifting Reputation.† Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. April 2010. Web. 6 May 2014.

Harp of India

Harp of India Why hang'st thou lonely on yon withered bough? Unstrung for ever, must thou there remain; Thy music once was sweet — who hears it now? Why doth the breeze sigh over thee in vain? Silence hath bound thee with her fatal chain; Neglected, mute, and desolate art thou, Like ruined monument on desert plain: O! many a hand more worthy far than mine Once thy harmonious chords to sweetness gave, And many a wreath for them did Fame entwine Of flowers still blooming on the minstrel's grave: Those hands are cold — but if thy notes divine May be by mortal wakened once again, Harp of my country, let me strike the strain!Critical appreciation The Harp of India Henry Louis Vivian Derozio The Harp of India by H L V Derozio is a patriotic poem that pays a glorious tribute to the rich tradition of the art of Indian poetry which conveys the poet‘s deep anguish at the decline of the age of old art under the slavish shackles of British supremacy. Henry Louis Vivian Derozi o was born in Calcutta [now Kolkata]. His father was Indo-Portuguese and his mother English. Though Derozio had very little of Indian blood in him, his upbringing in India greatly inspired in him Indian themes and sentiments. Derozio is generally regarded as the first Indian to write in English.Derozio’s poetic carrier was very short lasting only for about six years. Derozio, who held great promise as poet, unfortunately had premature death at the age of 23 when he was still at his prime. He is modern India’s first poet to give expression to his patriotism in verse, the first to sing of Freedom, the first to contemplate an intellectual renaissance for an ancient civilization through a new perception. In the poem The Harp of India the poet Derozio- an ardent admirer of India’s rich heritage, culture and tradition- laments the decline of the rich tradition of Indian literature during the period of British domination of India.The British imperialism made the Indian poets listless and they found nothing inspiring to compose literature except the misery of the nation. The poet Derozio pays a rich tribute to the Indian writers of the past who had enriched the Indian literature with their classic and enduring literary works and then expresses his wish to revive and rejuvenate, through his humble poetic efforts, the richness and glory of Indian literature. The poem is in the form of a Sonnet. Sonnet is a lyrical poem of 14 lines with definite rhyme scheme.Usually a Sonnet is divided into Octet [the first eight lines of the poem] and sestet [the remaining six lines of the poem]. In the Octet of the Sonnet the poet presents a problem and then tries to resole the problem in the sestet. Derozio makes a slight deviation in the tradition structure of the Sonnet that the Harp of India is divided into two equal divisions of seven lines each. However, he follows the thematic pattern of the Octet and the sestet with the presentation of the problem [the decl ine of Indian poetic tradition] and its resolution [its revival through his humble poetic efforts].The poet Henry Louis Vivian Derozio refers to the rich art and tradition of Indian poetry as the harp of India. The poet commences the sonnet with a rhetorical question as to why the glorious tradition of Indian poetry lies neglected like a broken harp hung on the leafless and withered branch of a tree. He questions whether the art of India poetry which during the period of British domination of India was almost dead, must remain in this state of coma forever, like an unstrung harp.The poet recollects that the state of Indian poetry was once rich and glorious like the sweet melodies of a harp. Now that melody is heard no more as the present times provide no inspiration to the creative minds and hearts to revive the tradition of soul stirring poetic art. The breeze blows over the broken harp of poetry without drawing any melody from it. The prevailing conditions of the times have compel led the poets and the poetic inspirations to remain mute as if bound by the fetters of silence.The art of poetry thus lies neglected, silent, and abandoned like a ruined monument in the vast wilderness of the deserts. The poet then recollects that the art of poetry, in the hands of poets of greater genius than his own, had produced remarkable achievements, the way a deft musician produces enchanting music with his harp. The remarkable works of poetry brought for their creators accolades and wreaths of appreciation. The poets belonging to the glorious period of Indian poetry continue to survive long after their demise like flowers that continue to bloom on the graves of the poets long dead.The poet laments that the poets of literary genius of the past now lie cold in their graves and the once famous poetic art lies abandoned. However, he expresses his desire to revive the dying art of poetry of his country with his humble poetic abilities and make the skies of Indian literature rever berate with melody of poetic art just as a musician of a new generation revives a tradition of music with a musical instrument that had for a long period dwelt in oblivion and obscurity.

Safety in our Schools essays

Safety in our Schools essays Safety in the schools can mean life and death in many situations. One way is fires. With such things as thin walls, flammable interior, or exterior, schools could turn into a flaming inferno. All schools should be routinely checked for things such as escape routes from the building and the ease of opening and closing these routes. They also should be clear from any interfering things nearby. Schools should have such things as walls inside and outside that do not have flammable material. Often this is the reason that many brick buildings burn. Many think brick is the safest but often is inter-mixed with interiors that burn easily. If such buildings had non-flammable interiors, then such things might not happen. Schools should go through safety procedures with the children thoroughly at least once a month. The schools should try to communicate with the children about fires and try to get the point across clearly. Such things that should be mentioned are that children should leave the building quietly, even this is probably the hardest thing to do. The schools should try to teach the kids that running might get you out, but could injure or kill many more, some of them being friends or people you care for such as brother's or sister's even if they don't like them now, they'll miss them when they die. When the kids get out of the school, they should go to a selected place to wait for others and teachers to take authority. The children should then proceed to try to stay clear of the firemen and police ...

Abortion From An Ethical Point Of View Essays - Abortion

Abortion From An Ethical Point Of View Essays - Abortion Abortion From An Ethical Point Of View Describe and evaluate any two contrasting theoretical approaches to the moral debate of abortion. * * * It is widely accepted that the fact of abortion has been a subject of conversation and controversy for many decades. Since the proportion of people who accept abortion as a normal procedure is equal to the proportion of those who think of abortion as a crime, through time a lot of measurements have been taken against abortion but concerning its defense as well. Although the fact of abortion has been examined through its scientific and religious side, in this assignment we will try and examine abortion from an ethical point of view. The best way for someone to refer to abortion on an ethical basis would probably be through the description and evaluation of the subject based on two of the most known theoretical approaches: those of Kants and of Utilitarianism (Act and Rule). Beginning with the approach of Utilitarianism, we must say that Utilitarianism, is concerned basically with pleasure and with pain. Therefore someone should be concerned with the amounts of pleasure and pain in situations where abortion is permitted as contrasted with the amounts of pleasure and pain where abortion is forbidden. It might be suggested that the main consideration would be the interests of the fetus: not only can its future life be expectedly happy (or at least having a balance of happiness over suffering) it might also be the case that the abortion itself is painful, particularly if it occurs later in the pregnancy. However this focus on the fetus is unwarranted since any suffering involved in the abortion itself can be avoided by simply aborting the pregnancy sooner (before the fetus has even developed the capability of suffering), or with painless techniques. The direct suffering of the fetus can therefore be no argument against abortion generally, only the bad practice of it. A more significant consideration exists if we hypothesize that the future life of the fetus involves a probable balance of happiness over suffering for the fetus. This would seem to be a definite point against abortion, though not, a dominant one. The second party that we should consider are the parents and other family, and guardians if the alternative to abortion is adoption. According to some studies, having a baby appears to decrease the happiness in a relationship - even in those cases where the pregnancy is desired. But again, this need not be considered too much, it is not a dominant consideration. As is the case with many issues in a utilitarian system, the rightness or wrongness of the act in question turns mainly not on the effects of the act on the agent, nor on the beings directly affected by the act, but on the less direct effects on the community at large. That means that the issue of abortion actually becomes one of the desirability of increasing or decreasing the population. Given that there must be some population size that can be regarded as the perfect size, if we are allowed to place it this way for a society, it is clear that Utility will ban new births above this amount while below this population size Utility will prescribe reproduction. So the utilitarian, who suggests that the future happiness of the child, combined with the estimated value of the effects on others, is such that Utility opposes abortion, must admit that this would imply that Utility prescribes an increase in population and that this would apply to anyone capable of producing a child. So Utility is generally against abortion only when it is generally for raising the population. In terms of utility, the actual act of abortion is not a particularly significant one. A brief mention must be made of why it is that the relative effects on the community at large are dominant in this issue, and why the other considerations are not. It must be remembered that the raising of a child in a modern developed country has a very large cost in financial terms, which is highly significant. It is well known that the amount required to raise one child in a developed country could probably raise many more in a poorer

Scrutinising a company report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Scrutinising a company report - Essay Example Certain challenges are also plaguing the industry, and these could have an impact on how corporate social responsibility is implemented; jet fuel prices have doubled over the past decade. Therefore, airlines now need to consider sustainable fuels over the long haul; some organisations are already considering this alternative but are to implement it fully. Low cost airlines are driving up competition because of the need for faster and less costly aviation transport, so bigger organisations need to find a way of adding quality in service provision. Rising customer expectations as many of them have now become more informed through the internet also couples this need. Buyers are demanding more sustainable business from organisations, so aviation stakeholders need to rise to challenge and meet this need (Esty and Winston, 2006). Some entities believe that environmental sustainability is an oxymoron in the aviation/ airline sector because carbon emissions are appallingly high. Some travellers are responding to this fact by using other means of transport, selecting direct flights, or using companies that are the most sustainable. CSR is an important factor for most Britons as they care about how well businesses take care of their environment or their community (Werther & Chandler, 2006). Reporting is expected for several businesses in the UK as the public demands accountability from major service providers like British Airways. BA’s three core statements on sustainability are: mitigating environmental impact, becoming a responsible employer or business and enriching community livelihoods. In 2013, the company did plenty of things to show how far it is willing to go in the sustainability journey. In business operations, the company introduced seven new Boeing and Airbus planes because they are more efficient and quieter than the conventional models. The firm also wants to reduce

Artificial Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Artificial Intelligence - Essay Example The focus in this paper is on Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the scientific attempt to build computational models of cognitive processes. It aims to study the computations that make it possible to reason, perceive and act. It differs from psychology because of greater emphasis on computation. In Artificial Intelligence, the aim is to make electronic computer systems to perform tasks that would usually be considered intelligent if done by a human. It is mainly concerned with the analogy between particular computer programs and how they emulate the human mind. The scientific goal of Artificial intelligence is to solve real world problems faced by humans using knowledge and assembled systems. Artificial intelligence requires skills of understanding how knowledge can be represented and the methods of how to use that knowledge. The main aim of AI is to improve human life and reduce risks faced by humans. According to the late pioneer of Artificial Intelligence, Allan Newell, man-made wor ld would be permeated by systems to cushion it from danger. With the advent of new age computers, the dream of smart computers has become a reality. The ‘ability’ of computers keeps growing with changing times. The limitations are virtually boundless. The other main reason is the interest in technological applications in the AI field. These spread out to all disciplines that use any form of computers or electronics to achieve tasks. Examples of these fields include; Medicine, manufacturing, farming, education, housework, research and development and science in general. In business, computers are also very helpful and essential. (Marsland 345). Due to the intelligent and adaptive nature of AI, systems can help locate pertinent information. Discussion Artificial Intelligence computers are commonly known as intelligent systems. This is attributed to their ability to learn from examples and use the statistics or data fed to them to solve problems. Most learning programs are either experience or data oriented. The systems use a knowledge base created with many different aspects to simulate experiences. These experience oriented systems use common sense knowledge to discover how people usually reason about new experiences (Marsland 213). This stimulates a reaction. Data oriented systems create programs to specifically search and mine for data in databases to get exploitable regularities. These intelligent systems can give answers to questions using free text and structured data. AI is becoming more essential to us and yet less conspicuous. The rapid development of this field has helped business people achieve strategic business goals. Challenges The AI field has been incorporated in many industries, and this has brought about their growth. This incorporation is by the development of intelligent agents that are set put to complete the different tasks and requirements needed by the field. This, however, does not come without challenges. Some of the challe nges faced include; the need for information exchange with databases in the mainframe. The need to provide rapid hardware recoveries should failures occurs is a major function of AI that presents many challenges. The need for effective information distribution to all personnel involved in system development is another crucial function that is challenging (Russell & Norving 104). These are some of the problems that should be addressed to achieve successful implementation of an AI system. Some examples of successful implementation are discussed in the following paragraph. Siri is an application developed by the Apple Company, to help users interact better with their mobile phones. It is considered an intelligent agent that acts as a personal assistant and has access to knowledge navigation. The main platform